Ayah 7:

• Both for men and for women will each have a share in what their parents and relatives leave behind.
• Both men and women, each.
• whatever is left from it, be it a small portion or big portion.
• whatever was ordained/appointed. Whatever they are legally entitled to. obligatory share.
• made obligatory by Allah
• it is not upto the heirs. they dont have any authority.
• they have to take their shares and can do what they want with it. but they cannot reject their heirs.
• property of the deceased will be distributed.
• everyone who is entitled to get a share should receive it.
• clothes on the body that died will be distributed.
• Unless the deceased wrote a will or had a debt. then the property will divided after execution of the will and debt has been paid off.
• Prior to islam there were ways to distribute the wealth/inheritance:
• • give inheritance based on confederacy. based on declaration. •    Give inheritance based upon confederacy-Haleef- when a person would say to another person “My Life is your life, My Blood is your Blood, My wealth is your wealth, I inherit from you and you from me”. One would person would say this and make the other person his Haleef and this other person is  (not necessarily related) when the person dies all of his property would be inherited by his haleef and in this way the true inheritors, don’t get their inheritance
  •  Muthabannah: if a person didn’t have a son, he would make someone his son and leave all his inheritance for that said son. And all the other relatives would lose out. Made the son by words. not by true blood.
  • give inheritance to the children, but only to the eldest son. none to other children and women were totally deprived from any inheritance. Bc they believed that those who went to war, fight and collected war booty should get inheritance. So since women didn’t do this, they didn’t deserve any inheritance.
• Islam brought an end to these practices. and gave the correct ways distribute and share inheritance. nobody was to be deprived.
• relatives: parents children spouses
• share for certain close relations.
• Naseeban = ن ص ب •    To fix something•    Naseeb is a fixed portion (the amount is fixed and the receiver is fixed)

Ayah 8:

• If the relatives, needy or orphans are present at the time of division of inheritance, give them a portion and speak to them kindly. provide for smthg out of that estate.
• at the time of the division the inheritance.
• This is those who don’t have a share in the inheritance. those relatives that have not been specified by Allah to receive any wealth. can be distance relatives, needy people of society or orphans, or children.
• relatives of the deceased that don’t have a fixed portion of the inheritance.
• There are 2 types of people•    One who has a fixed share in the inheritance – children , parents and spouse•    Other people who do not have a definite share in inheritance- siblings and other distant relatives. Cousins etc- Mahroomul Irth
• could be that these distance relatives are all living in the same home of the deceased but dont have a portioned share. Ex. Joint family system.
• Bc they will see things and wealth being distributed in front of them.
• ex. on plane when air hostess misses to give you food while everyone else is getting it. thats how they will feel.
• give them a small portion a token. this is a mutual understanding among the heirs. this a small portion that should be given. to be nice to them. give them some gift.
• •    Abdullah Ibn Abbas rali considers it wajib to give something to someone when he comes at the time of division of inheritance
• And dont speak to them harshly.
• Be good through your actions AND tongue. especially at this time, this time of difficulty.
• The one who is dividing or disposing the estate/inheritance have the same fear in their minds as they would if they were leaving a helpless family behind.
• They should therefore, fear Allah and speak for justice.
• •    Some scholars say that it is Mustahab- preferred to give something to someone when he comes at the time of division of inheritance

Ayah 9:

• the ones distributing the wealth. Let them fear injustice, let them fear Allah, as if they are leaving weak ones behind. weak children or family behind.
• and speak words of appropriate justice. correct words. free from excess. balanced.
• this command is for: it is for the executors of the will, the ones instructed to carry out the will. The beneficiaries. The Awsiya- the Guardians- those to whom the bequest is made is addressed here. The ones who are carrying out the will.
• For them is the command. They should fear Allah as if they are leaving their own family and kids behind.
• for ex: The treatment you want for your own kids, thats how you should treat the kids you are inheriting or looking after.
• Also if the dying person is being unjust when making a will or planning to distribute his wealth, and if those sitting near by hear it, they should point out the injustice. as if this was happening to their own children. Should advise that dying person to not do injustice.
• Dont fear that person, fear Allah.
• Speak of appropriate justice.

Ayah 10:

• Those who devour the wealth of orphans unjustly indeed they swallowing fire into their bellies and they will be set ablaze.
• Fire will be inside him and around him.
• •    Surah Nisa was revealed after the battle of Uhud and there were many martyrs and as a result there were many orphans.
• There was a man by the name of Sa’ad Ibn Rabee- he was one of the wealthiest men in Medina , he had no sons, he had only daughters. His wife came to the prophet sal and said :”O Allah’s Messenger, these are the two daughters of Sa’ad ibn Rabee who was killed a martyr with you at Uhud. Their uncle has taken all of their property and left nothing for them and they will not get married with no property.” The Prophet (sas) said: “Allah will decide your case.” Whereupon Allah revealed the above-mentioned verses (An-Nisaa 11-12). The Prophet (sas) sent word to the uncle saying: “Give the two daughters of Sa’ad two thirds and their mother one eighth and what is left is yours.”
• HadithIt is recorded in the Two Sahihs that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,(Avoid the seven great destructive sins. ) The people asked, “O Allah’s Messenger! What are they” He said (Avoid the seven great destructive sins. ) The people asked, “O Allah’s Messenger! What are they” He said To join others in worship along with Allah, magic, to kill the life which Allah has forbidden except for a just cause, to consume interest, to consume an orphan’s property, to turn your back to the enemy and flee from the battlefield at the time of fighting, and to accuse chaste women who never even think of anything harmful to their chastity being good believers.)

Background info:

• Knowledge of the rules for the division of wealth and inheritance.
• What is the hierarchy with regard to Inheritance (The order in which laws of inheritance apply)
• • 1.      Quranic Heirs (zawil Farood)
  • 2.      Closest Male relatives (Asaba)
  • 3.      Relations connected through females (zawil arhaam)
• inheritor is entitled to his share even he dies a few days after the deceased.
• the deceased are
• Inheritance can be distributed only among the living members of the family. A dead person cannot inherit
• Inheritor is entitled to a share even if a dies a few days after the deceased e.g. if a father and son were in a car accident and the son dies first- the father will inherit from the son even if he dies a few hours later
• Inheritance must be distributed in all situations whether the wealth is a little or lot it must be distributed
• Laws of inheritance are applied to all kinds of wealth cash, property, houses, even spoons. pens will be distributed
• The inheritance should be distributed right after the death of the owner without delay except if the deceased leaves behind his wife and she is pregnant in that case the inheritance will be delayed and distributed after the child is born because if it is a son the case will be different – the share will be different and if it is a girl then the share will be different
• If the husband has pronounced Talaq Rajee ( 1st and 2nd Talaq- Revocable)and the woman is still in her Iddah and her husband passes away she will inherit from her husband
• One Inheritor can purchase the share of another inheritor for e.g there is one house and there are two brothers both have a share in the house- if one brother wants he can purchase the share from the other brother if he agrees.
• knowledge of inheritance is founded on principles:
• • 1.    Closeness in Relation – addresses the issue of who will receive inheritance.
  • • Nasab/Blood- children, parents and siblings
    •   Nikah/Marriage- Husband and wife but it should be a valid nikkah- wali, Ijab and Qubul, Mahr and witnesess
    •  Wala/Relationship between slave and master- when a master emancipates his slave and after he frees the slave the slave dies and the slave has no inheritors- no family ,children, then the Master will inherit from the slave. If the master dies the slave cannot inherit from the master
  • 2.    Need – addresses the issue of how much will be received of inheritance e.g. children have more need than parents so their share is more, a man has more need than a woman so his share is more- a man has to take care of family, siblings, have to give Mahr
  • 3.    Distribution of Wealth – addresses the issue of why inheritance is distributed. So that the wealth doesn’t remain concentrated in the hands of a few people. Inheritance is divided among a lot of people
• Ibn ‘Umar reported,The Messenger of Allāh, peace and blessings of Allāh be on him, said:”It is not right for a Muslim who has property regarding which he must make a will that he should sleep for two nights (consecutively) but that his will should be written down with him.
• The one who is making the will cannot make a will in favor of a legal heir. cannot add them to the will, bc they already have a share legally islamically.
• Narrated Abu Hurairah:I heard the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) say: Allah has appointed for everyone who has a right what is due to him, and no bequest must be made to an heir.Sunan Abu Dawood Book 11, Number 2864:
• when a person dies:
• • funeral expenditures should be taken care of
  • payment of debts owed to people, rent, maHr, debts owed to Allah (zakat, fasting, fidya, Hajj)
  • execution of the will
  • distribution of remain estate among the heirs.
• Muslim relative dont inherit from disbeliever and vice versa.
• killer cannot inherit from the victim
• 4 conditions for distributing his wealth1.    Payment of Funeral expenses, buying shroud, buying a piece of land for burial etc2.    Payment of Debt owed to people (Loans, Mahr) and Debts owed to Allah (zakat due on wealth, fidya for fasts, Hajj – inheritors will use wealth from his inheritance and do Hajj- Hajj Badal on his behalf)3.    Execution of his will- after debts are paid bequest will be carried out4.    Distribution of the remaining estate among the heirs according to the Islamic Law
• •    A Muslim relative does not inherit from a disbeliever and vice versa. Muslim and non-Muslim do not inherit from each other based on sahih hadith of the Prophet (sas).
• •    The killer does not inherit from the victim – even if they had a relationship. Murder (and in some cases manslaughter) – of the deceased by one of the heirs directly or indirectly.
• •    The illegitimate child will not inherit from his father because the conditions of Nikkah were not fulfilled

Ayah 11:

• Did you not see, have you not considered, the ones (the jews and their scholars) who were given a portion of the Book?
• They believe in superstition and Taghut, false deities. Jibt: socrierty, magic, fortune telling, charms.
• Taghut: those who take away from Imaan. invite others to worship them. It can be a person, persons, an idol
• Jibt is sorcery. Taghut is shaytan.
• According to Umar Rali he said : Al-Jibth is Sihr (it is magic), Umar Rali. said Taghut is specifically Shaytan
• they say that the unbelievers ( the pagans of Makkah) are better guided than the believers.
• Jews are saying that the Pagans/mushrikeen are better guided than the muslims to the way of life.
• Jews were living in Madina and have interaction with the Mushrikeen of Makkah and would help them attack the muslims.
• Jew were jealous of the muslims.
• Jews were in madina in the first place, bc they knew of the final messenger that would be coming to land of date palms. But when he did come they rejected him bc he was not of their lineage.
• Despite having knowledge, despite having divine knowledge, the people of the Book, (Jew and christians) still believed in superstition and false deities. They should have been able to differentiate between right and wrong.
• Prophet Sal. said in a narration by Abu Dawud“The practice of *Iyafa, and “Thiarathu”- bad omens the interpretation of omens from the flight of birds, And “Tharqu”- throwing rocks to determine ones fate the practice of divination by drawing lines on the ground and taking evil omens are all practices of جِبْتِ the sorcerer”
•  bad omens: 13, black cat crossing, black crow, glass breaks. these are at thiarah. this is all shirk to believe in these superstitions.
•  to determine fate from the sound of certain creatures: bird flying in a certain direction, sound of an animal,
• zodiac signs, palm reading, holding the Quran over the brides head.
• These are all superstitious behaviors.
• •    Al-Jibth It is a comprehensive term that is used for superstition magic, fortune telling, zodiac signs, tricks (and there is no khair on them)
•  Jews considered friday to be an unlucky day, considered 13 to be unlucky. But considered 13 year old boy to have a big celebration, break glass at wedding to run off evil spirits, think they were given 613 commands. these are all their superstitions, that was whisperings from the shay tan. and all these were left unchecked and kept building up more and more.
•  Jibt and Taghut. to believe in this is to emulate the jews and disbelievers.

•  These are the ones who are cursed by Allah. and the one who is cursed by Allah, can find no other helper.

•  Do they ( jews) have a share in the kingdom?
• If they had any share in it, they would not have given other people equal to a speck on a date seed. the masses would not get anything.
• Jews are the most stingy of all people. their savings are quite different from other people and nations.
• If they had a share in the dominion they would not give anything to the people.
• Not spend where you are supposed to spend ( Buqul)

• are they jealous or envious upon what Allah gave them from His grace. If so let them know that Allah gave the book and wisdom to the descendants of Ibraheem, and blessed him with a great kingdom. ( which is the family of the bani israel essentially)
• Hasad: negative feelings of jealously. This is not allowed.
• dont prolong resentment for too long
• jealousy is one of the major sins, do tawbah or it won’t be forgiven.
•  backbiting can be due to jealously too.
• jews were jealous of how the people looked and believed the Messenger. bc then their own religious authority would decrease.
• Jealous people cause harm to others. Its like a fire inside you. it eats you up.
• Solution to this: Make dua for the person you are jealous towards. say ماشالله,
• Look at what you have and dont look at what others have.
• Jews should look at the blessings that their family were given, the family of Ibrahim. wisdom and scripture. already. a great kingdom.
• Jews are being told, why are you jealous of the believers, look at what you were given and look what you did with what you had.

•  And some among the Jew Bani Israel, in him, The messenger (saw)
• and some among them were averse to him. the messenger (saw)
• And sufficient is for those who turned people away from the messenger, blazing hellfire to burn them.
•  Out of the Bani Israel, some of them believed the Prophets of their time and some of them did not believe.  So those who disputed with their Prophets, how could you expect them to accept Prophet Sal.

• And indeed those who rejected/denied the revelations, the signs, the truth
• signs that lead to believe in the truth.
• And soon, Allah shall enter them to burn in the hellfire.
• and every time their skins will burn/roasted through, Allah will replace their skins so that to burns it again, over and over again.
• this is the taste of real torment.
• punishment is felt on the skin, pain is felt on the skin. pain receptors are on the skin.
• Allah is the most powerful and most Wise. exalted in might.
• Azeez: most ability, most honor, most dominant, most mighty
• He has authority and decisive power.
• He legislates what is halal and what is haram.
• It is said that the area from the ear lobe to the neck will expand to a distance of 700 years and the thickness of the skin will be 70 hand spans and the size of the jaws will be the size of Mt. Uhud
• The lightest punishment in Jahannam is that a person will be made to wear shoes of fire and this will make the brain boil
• Abi Hatim and Al Hasan said :“Their skins will be roasted through 70,000 times every day”
• Al Hasan also said :”Whenever the Fire has roasted them through and consumed their flesh, they will be told, `Go back as you were before,’ and they will.”

• Those who believe and do righteous deeds
• Allah will make them enter Jannat. and live and abide there forever. gardens with rivers flowing
• Very soon Allah will admit them into Jannat. meaning reward is near. very near.
• Jannah where rivers flow – a river of wine, milk, honey and water (4 rivers)
• in it purified spouses.
• and Allah will admit them to deepening shade. cool and comfortable. cooling.
• “In Paradise there is a sea of honey, a sea of wine, a sea of milk and a sea of water, and the rivers flow out of these seas.” [Jaami’ al-Usool, 10/508]
• Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded that Sahl bin Sa`d said that the Messenger of Allah said, (There is a tree in Paradise, if a rider travels in its shade for one hundred years, he would not be able to cross it.) An-Nu`man bin Abi `Ayyash Az-Zuraqi added, “Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri narrated to me that the Prophet said, (There is a tree in Paradise, if a rider travels in its shade on a fast, sleek horse for one hundred years, he would not be able to cross it.)

• Indeed Allah orders you to give back the trusts to the rightful owners.
• Fulfil trusts with people. Don’t betray the trusts. don’t misrepresent.
• return the trust to their rightful owners.
• Dont betray those who betray you though.
• Prophet Saw said “Return the trusts of those who entrusted you and do not betray those who betray you”
• Prophet (SAW) said, “The one who does not fulfill trusts has no faith, and the one who does not fulfill commitments has no religion.” (Ahmad)
• assign duties to those who are capable of handling those duties and responsibilities. responsibilities are a trust. fulfill your responsibilities.
• and when you judge between people. judge with fairness. with justice. between ALL people. be fair regardless of age, gender, religion, etc. in all matters.
• Allah’s special support is with those who are fair and just.
• And how excellent is Allah’s counsel/advice.
• Allah is All seeing and all hearing. Nothing is hidden from Him.
• A Hadith states, (Allah is with the judge as long as he does not commit injustice, for when he does, Allah will make him reliant on himself.The equitable will be seated upon pulpits of light before Allah : those who do justice in their decisions, with their families, and what is entrusted to them.” (Muslim)

• Oh you all who believe, obey Allah and obey His messenger and those in authority among you.
• Adhere to the teachings of the Quran. the words of Allah
• Obey the Messenger, Muhammad (saw)
• and those in authority among you: those who order good. enjoin good and correct. most just. those who promote teachings of Muhammad (saw), the scholars that state the truth. teach and encourage others to live by the truth. to emulate the example of the companions of Muhammad (saw). obey those individuals who teach us this. they convey and promote the truth. those who are given positions of responsibility.
• Obedience is only in what is correct. and it was approved and correct way. There is no obedience in the creation if it means to be disobedient to the Creator.
• Cooperate with each other in Birr and Taqwah. meaning cooperate with your teachers etc, for example.
• If you violate rules where you live or in the country you live in, that is injustice and this wrong. that is going against the Quran and Sunnah. We should just even if we are living in a non muslim country.
• If you disagree over anything, major or minor aspects of Deen. Refer it to Allah and Messenger, the Quran and the Sunnah.
• Now that he is no longer alive, look towards his teachings.
• If you really believe in Allah and the Last day.
• Consult Quran and Sunnah. Learn them, study them, to know them.
• That (the command mentioned in this ayah) is best way and best way in result. in terms of this world and hereafter. the end result, outcome will be good in both places. final results will be better if you do this. do what is commanded here. Best result means in this world and in the Hereafter
• That is better than the solutions than you will come up.
• live your life according to the Quran and Sunnah.
• Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that the Ayah(Obey Allah and obey the Messenger, and those of you who are in authority.) “Was revealed about `Abdullah bin Hudhafah bin Qays bin `Adi, who the Messenger of Allah sent on a military expedition.” This statement was collected by the Group, with the exception of Ibn Majah At-Tirmidhi said, “Hasan, Gharib”. Imam Ahmad recorded that `Ali said, “The Messenger of Allah sent a troop under the command of a man from Al-Ansar. When they left, he became angry with them for some reason and said to them, `Has not the Messenger of Allah commanded you to obey me’ They said, `Yes.’ He said, `Collect some wood,’ and then he started a fire with the wood, saying, `I command you to enter the fire.’ The people almost entered the fire, but a young man among them said, `You only ran away from the Fire to Allah’s Messenger. Therefore, do not rush until you go back to Allah’s Messenger, and if he commands you to enter it, then enter it.’ When they went back to Allah’s Messenger , they told him what had happened, and the Messenger said,(Had you entered it, you would never have departed from it. Obedience is only in righteousness.)” This Hadith is recorded in the Two Sahihs.

• Have you not seen those who claim to have believed in what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you.
• But they wish to refer to legislation to Taghut. while they were commanded to reject it. ( taGHUT) they wish to go Taghut for judgement, even though they were commanded not to do this.
• Shaitain wishes to lead them far astray, far from Haqq. Shaitan wants people to go to taGhut.
• Reason behind revealing this Ayat:
• • It was reported that the reason behind revealing this Ayah was that a man from the Ansar and a Jew had a dispute, and the Jew said, “Let us refer to Muhammad to judge between us.” However, the Muslim man said, “Let us refer to Ka`b bin Al-Ashraf (a Jew) to judge between us.”
• It is ironical that the Jew wanted to go to the Muslim’s Prophet because he believed that Prophet Sal. would give a fair, impartial judgment.  This shows Prophet Sal. supreme honesty that even a Jew wanted to go for judgment to him.  And Bishr of course new that he would give a fair judgment and he didn’t want a fair judgment so he wanted to go to the corrupt leader of the Jews.  The Jew overruled him and they went for Judgment to the Prophet Sal. and he gave judgment in the Jew’s favour. The Jew was delighted but Bishr was furious. He said he couldn’t accept it and wanted to go to Umar Rali. for judgment because he thought Umar always favoured the Muslims  over the Jews (though he was mistaken). So they went to Umar and the Jew related to whole story to Umar and said that Prophet Sal. ruled in his favour.  Umar Rali. went into his house, brought out his sword and killed Bishr and said this is my judgment for one who cannot accept the judgment of the Prophet Sal. •    There was an outcry amongst the Muslims who ran to Prophet Sal. and said Umar had killed a Muslim •    Whereupon these verses were revealed from which Umar Rali. was absolved of this because the man was a hypocrite•    It was also reported that the Ayah was revealed about some hypocrites who pretended to be Muslims, yet they sought to refer to the judgment of Jahiliyyah. •    Other reasons were also reported behind the revelation of the Ayah. However, the Ayah has a general meaning, as it chastises all those who refrain from referring to the Qur’an and Sunnah for judgment and prefer the judgment of whatever they chose of falsehood, which befits the description of Taghut here.
• Seeking Taghut is a sign of hypocrisy
• Even we abandon Quran and Sunnah, today and seek judgment from other sources.
• When trying to find solutions or looking for resolutions to disputes, where do we look to. Why dont we look to

• when it is told to them to what Allah has revealed and the Sunnah
• you see the hypocrites turning away from you in aversion.
• They stop themselves and prevent others.

• So how will it be when a calamity reaches them? disaster strikes them, bc of what their hands have put forth. ( the hypocrites)
• their choice of Taghut exposes their hypocrisy
• They come to swearing, make an oath, to finish off the dispute and pretend to show most loyalty to you.
• when it is revealed they are hypocrites.
• They claim they want good and reconciliation. they claim they want to resolve disputes in the best manner. But they are lieing

• they are those, who Allah knows what is in their hearts.
• and So speak to them (the hypocrites) in impactful, far reaching words. heart touching advice, that penetrates the heart.
• dont taunt them, dont label them hypocrites, dont fight with them.
• Muhammad (saw) never fought a battle with the hypocrites.
• give them advice that softens the heart, speak in far reaching words.
• speak in a beautiful manner so that it touches their hearts.
• fix your heart to be able to speak to them nicely.
• develop well wishing for people.

• Allah didn’t send the messenger except to be obeyed by the permission by Allah
• If these people wronged and disobeyed Allah ( those who went to taghut), if they would come to Messenger and seek forgiveness. to correct the matter. and ask for forgiveness.
• And messenger  would have asked forgiveness for them.
• they would have found Allah accepting and merciful.
• The purpose of the messenger coming is so that he be obeyed.
• So not wrong to make dua for someone else. But this doesn’t mean you do this all the time. that you ask others all the time, and dont do it yourself. should not make it an overwhelming habit to ask others with lists of what to make dua for you.

• No! by Allah, they will not truly believe until they make you judge ( Muhammad) (saw)
• not until they make you judge (Muhammad) over what they dispute among themselves.
• Not until they go to you for decisions and resolving disputes. not until they make you judge in these matters that they dispute.
• and then when they dont find a problem or tightness or constriction in whatever you decide. no difficulty in accepting the sunnah. but instead accept in what you decide. accept in what you ( Muhammad (saw)) decide or teach.
• thats when they will truly be believers.
• and those are the ones who will submit completely
• that is a muslim, who hears the commands and submits and accepts completely.
• ?Muslim literally means: a camel whose hands are in the reigns of the master.?

•  And if We  ( Allah) had commanded, decreed upon them, made an obligation on them to kill yourselves.
• Or leave your homes
• not many would have done it, except a few them.
• the amount of people who actually obey are very few in number.
• If they would have done what they were told, it would have been better for them and more firm for them. in strength and in firmness.
• In firmer position.
• the more a person obeys, the more they develop conviction.
• one good action opens door for many more actions.
• desires: eat more, sleep more, talk more, moody. these make us weak and slow us down.
• solution to this: acquire knowledge, find out, to lead to conviction. have firm resolve. If you have a tendency to sleep in: find ways to wake you up.
• This all requires discipline.

•  And then Allah would have given them from Him a great reward.
• and extra great reward, from Him.

•  And they would have been guided to a straight path

• And whoever obeys Allah and His Messengers, so those are the ones whose favor and blessings are upon.
• from the prophets
• and the truthful ones- the siddiqin.
• and the martyrs- the shohada. (included are the scholars as well. possessors of knowledge) those who die in the way of Allah.
• and the righteous – the Saliheen. opposite of faasiq.
• All righteous people are not prophets though.
• All prophets are saliheen though.
• and excellent are those as companions.
• This Ayah is the explanation of the ayah in Surah fatiha (siratal allad===wswreena an amTa alai him)
• Ayesha Rali. said«مَا مِنْ نَبِيَ يَمْرَضُ إِلَّا خُيِّرَ بَيْنَ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَة»(Every Prophet who falls ill is given the choice between this life and the Hereafter.) During the illness that preceded his death, his voice became weak and I heard him saying,﴿مَعَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَآءِ وَالصَّـلِحِينَ﴾(in the company of those on whom Allah has bestowed His grace, the Prophets, the true believers (Siddiqin), the martyrs and the righteous) I knew then that he was being given the choice.”Muslim

•  that is bounty, grace of Allah
• and sufficient is Allah as Knower.
• He knows everything.
• He knows who deserves the tawfeeq, who should guided, who should get the grace and bounty.

• And if bounty comes to you from Allah.
• the hypocrite will say surely: i wish i was them so that I could attain great attainment.
• Parenthetical insert before:
• In this Ayat – the phrase Ka-an lam thakun baiynakum wa baiyyanahu mawaddathu is a Jumla Mu’tharidha – parenthetical sentence
• (As if there had never been any love between him and you.)
• Hypocrite doesn’t really love you. has no well wishing for you.
• their eyes are on your wealth and war booty.
• not well wishing, disloyal, a user, treacherous. untrustworthy.
• a person cannot be a true believer unless they love Allah and Messenger more than this world and their own self.
• Self Analysis•    What do you want – what is the centre of your life?  Where does your happiness lie?  How much do you prefer the dheen over your desires
• In today’s time we don’t have battles like the time of Prophet Sal. So take Salah – hayya alas salah do you respond immediately or do you procrastinate?
• And not only in salah – in anything related to the dheen – what is your attitude?
• Mawaddhu = و د د•    Love, affection, such love in which a person is able to sacrifice something•    It is used for a very strong and a very close relationship•    A very strong bond between peopleOver here Mawaddu refers to friendship and brotherhood through Islam

• So only those should fight in the way of Allah
• fight those who trade this life of this world for the hereafter ( mushrik, disbelievers, hypocrites etc)
• and whoever fights in the way and gets killed or is vicotorious, Allah will bestow upon him a great reward.
• If someone suffers a worldly loss or setback in the world while fighting in the way of Allah. meaning is killed or loses money in the process.
• although others will look at this person with pity.
• These people are not to be pitied.
• for them is great reward from Allah. Soon they will be granted a mighty reward from Allah.
• the one who dies in the way of Allah, actually will be enjoying himself in the hereafter.
• Prophet Sal. said“Allah guarantees that he who goes out to fight in His way believing in Him, affirming the truth of His Messenger, will either be admitted to Jannah or will be brought back to his home safely.”

• What is the matter with you? ( oh believers)
• that you don’t fight in the way of Allah?!
• there is so much reward in it, you have so much potential and reward for it
• and who are these weak and old oppressed , among the sick men, and women and children. who say: Allah take us out of this oppressed city of people ( makkah)
• the people believers of makkah were tortured physically and mentally
• Allah is saying: will you not fight these oppressors who are doing so much injustice zhulm.
• Prophet Muhammad is motivating the believers through this verse
• and they say, appoint for us from you a protecter and helper.
• Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, “I and my mother were from the oppressed (in Makkah).”
• Muslims that are oppressed in Makkah are making this dua.
• So Allah sends this ayah: to encourage muslims to help those muslims that are suffering and oppressed in Makkah. help them, and fight for them.

• Those who are believers fight in the cause of Allah
• those who disbelieve fight in the cause of Taghut.
• So fight against the allies of shaitan, meaning leaders of the Quraish, the mushrikeen.
• its usually the leaders that cause a lot of trouble, so fight them directly. not the masses. they dont usually cause the trouble. fight the leaders
• shaytans crafty schemes are weak
• purpose of war is to exalt the word and name of Allah. to elevate His name, to promote Deen and stop injustice.
• Islam doesn’t at all promote killing innocent people.

• have you seen those who were told to restrain their from fighting and focus on other matters. make a plan first.
• in makkah muslims weren’t allowed to fight the mushrikeen there bc muslims were: weak and fewer in number, sacred city and so fighting not allowed there.
• but the mushrik were oppressing the muslims there. this was the mushriks fault.
• So the muslims are told, to establish a plan first.
• maybe timing to fighting the mushrik was not right yet.
• those who fail to plan, they are planning to fail.
• establish prayer, and give zaKah
• Its though salat: you learn to make straight lines, follow one Imam, discipline, Salat is training.
• and Give Zakat: by calculating. general spending is encouraged.
• zakat was not mandatory yet, but it is encouraged to generally spend from your wealth.
• now when they are commanded to fight, there was a group of men that feared men as they should fear Allah.
• they feared the men, bc they could see them with their eyes then and feared their punishment.
• or they would even go as far as saying: Oh Allah why have you made us obligated to fight.
• “could you delay its implementation for a while.?”
• they ask for a postponement.
• dont be lazy, dont postpone, dont procrastinate.
• But say this world is of temporary benefit. life of the hereafter is so much better for those who fear Allah.
• If anything, if you lose in the way of fighting, you will end up at your next place in the hereafter. and that place is much superior. more more better and eternal
• No injustice will be done to you even as much as date seed thread.

• Dont fear death, go out int he way of Allah.
• Wherever you may be, angel of Death will find you if need, death will overtake you.
• Death will overtake you no matter where you are sitting, even in high towers. lofty towers, well constructed. even there.
• angel of death, doesn’t make mistakes. he sees his target and makes his mark.
• wherever you are, if death is decreed for you, wherever and whenever it is meant for you
• you cannot escape death, regardless of going out for battle in the way of Allah, or not. its not necessary you will die on the battlefield. and its not necessary you will not die in your home inside.
• the hypocrites say: when some good comes to them, they say its from Allah. but when bad comes, they say its from Muhammad (saw).
• the hypocrites would say Muhammad (saw) is a source of bad luck, or evil omen. they would blame him for the bad.
• but say: all bad things and good things are from Allah. He decides
• what is the matter with those people (hypocrites) they can hardly understand any statement, the Deen.
• bc they dont want to understand, bc they dont want to change, bc they dont want to sacrifice.
• on one side during good times they would say they believed in the truth and Allah. But when bad things happen; they would blame the Deen and Muhammad (saw)
• Weakness of faith is a disease: blaming Deen when you suffer a loss in this world.

• whatever good that comes to you is from Allah
• whatever that bad that comes to you is a consequence of your own sins.
• this is how you are tested. this is your wake up call to see what you did. look at yourself. !!
• Allah has sent Muhammad (saw) as a messenger, a mercy for people.
• Deen is of ease and brings blessings. not evil!
• And Allah is enough as witness.

• Prophet Sal. said :“Whoever obeys me obeys Allah.  Whoever disobeys me, disobeys Allah”Ahmed
• He whoever obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah
• bc Allah is the One Who has told us to obey the messenger. Bc Allah has ordered this.
• Bc he has been given a duty by Allah.
• We must follow his teachings.
• and whoever turns away from the Messenger, We have sent you over them as task master.
• meaning dont worry if they dont obey you,

• the hypocrites would pledge obedience in front of the muslims and the messenger. they would say we believe as,  customary saying. they would just say it.
• but when they were alone, in the night, they would spend the night to plot to do other than what Messenger would say. would plot against him. to scheme.
• 2 faced personality
• Allah records what they say and do at night.
• night time is hidden from people, but nothing is hidden from ALlah
• so just turn away from them, leave them alone
• and trust Allah, Allah is sufficient enough as your Trustee.
• Wayyiyaka Nastaeen page 7 dua no. 9*

• If you want to combat the schemes and plots of others: Strengthen your connection and relationship with the Quran.
• Why dont they research and think and ponder, study the Quran, then?
• Quran will protect you bc it connects you to Allah.
• its better than everything people are accumatling, bc these are Allahs words
• if it was from anyone else than Allah, they would have found a lot of contractions and mistakes errors and ireegularity.
• discrepancies

• and when it came time they hear peace or danger, they would spread it quickly. fear.
• instead of spreading it further, muslims are advised to refer it back to Messenger and those who have knowledge and authority and could have verified the information. could have done the research to see if the news was in fact true and then tell people what needs to be told.
• This is better than spreading news carelessly.
• and if not for the mercy of Allah, you have followed the shaitan, except for a few of you.
• the one with knowledge should go into depths research and investigate and then inform the people. not just spread carelessly.
• •    Between battle of Uhud and Khanzak (trench) there was a lot of unrest.  The Mushrikeen wanted to fight back, take revenge and they would incite other clans against the Muslims•    This is the reason why Allah forbade that no rumour should be spread•    But the hypocrites spread rumours that the Mushrikeen were coming to fight•    This happens even today•    So believers addressed that if a rumour comes to you, do not spread it
• Prophet Sal. said :“Whoever relates something that he thinks is a lie, then he too is one of the two liars”
• so be careful in forwarding everything you read or hear

• So fight in the way of Allah, in sincerity , not showing off, but doing things to please Allah. not for pride or fame or money.
• even if the hypocrites are with you are not. you are not responsibile for their burden
• you are only accountable for yourself. nobody else.
• encourage believers to support you, to fight with you, so they are saved.
• so that they might overthrow the unbelievers. with the will of Allah. Allah may restrain the might of the unbelievers.
• For Allah is greater in might and greater in punishment.
• How did the Prophet Sal. encourage the believersAl-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,«مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ، وَآتَى الزَّكَاةَ، وَصَامَ رَمَضَانَ، كَانَ حَقًّا عَلَى اللهِ أَنْ يُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّـةَ، هَاجَرَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَوْ جَلَسَ فِي أَرْضِهِ الَّتِي وُلِدَ فِيهَا»(Whoever believes in Allah and His Messenger, offers prayer, pays the Zakah and fasts the month of Ramadan, will rightfully be granted Paradise by Allah, no matter whether he migrates in Allah’s cause or remains in the land where he is born.) The people said, `O Allah’s Messenger! Shall we acquaint the people with this good news’ He said,«إِنَّ فِي الْجَنَّـةِ مِائَةَ دَرَجَةٍ أَعَدَّهَا اللهُ لِلْمُجَاهِدِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ، بَيْنَ كُلِّ دَرَجَتَيْنِ كَمَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ، فَإِذَا سَأَلْتُمُ اللهَ فَاسْأَلُوهُ الْفِرْدَوْسَ، فَإِنَّهُ وَسَطُ الْجَنَّةِ، وَأَعْلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَفَوْقَهُ عَرْشُ الرَّحْمنِ، وَمِنْهُ تَفَجَّرُ أَنْهَارُ الْجَنَّة»(Paradise has one hundred grades which Allah has reserved for the Mujahidin who fight in His cause, the distance between each two grades is like the distance between the heaven and the Earth. So, when you ask Allah, ask for Al-Firdaws, which is the best and highest part of Paradise, above it is the Throne of the Most Beneficent (Allah) and from it originate the rivers of Paradise.) There are various narrations for this Hadith from `Ubadah, Mu`adh, and Abu Ad-Darda’.

• anyone who intercedes for a good cause.
• anyone who encourages someone else to do good, that person will get reward, but you will get a share in that reward too, for encouraging and directing them to good.
• Prophet Sal. said“Whoever guides someone to virtue will be rewarded equivalent to him who practices that good action”
• The concept behind this is Prophet Sal. said“One who advices a good deed is like one who has actually done it”
• and any one who encourage or intercedes to do bad, will suffer a share in that burden as well. will suffer that bad too.
• And Allah is upon everything the maintainer, the nourisher, the Keeper.
• Prophet Sal. used to encourage his companions to intercede a good recommendation “make recommendations, you will be rewarded”

• And when you greeted with a greeting, greet in return with one better than it.
• Or at least return it.
• exchange greetings of peace with one another.
• indeed Allah is over all an accountant.
• here we learn the importance of greeting and responding to it. the command to greet with a better greeting or at least return it.
• better in terms of words. greet in better terms.
• Allah keeps count how many times you say salam.
• its mean of spreading love between muslims. and sign of imaan.
• 6 rights over a muslim:
• • responding to greetings,
  • following his funeral,
  • accepting his invitation,
  • after sneezing,
  • visiting when he sick.
• Prophet Sal. said in a narration by Al-Bara bin AzidThe Messenger of Allah commanded us to do 7 things pertaining to the rights of Muslims.
• • To visit the sick
  • To follow the funeral
  • To invoke the Mercy of Allah upon one who sneezes
  • To support the weak
  • To help the oppressed
  • To promote the greeting of Assalamu Alaykum
  • To help those who swear to do something to keep their oath
  • Bukhari & Muslim
  • Say Jazakillah Khairan not just JazakalillahIf someone gives you a gift give them something in return as well
• For example•    If someone says : Assalamu Alaykum the least you can say is Wa alaykumus Salaam•    The best greeting would be : Wa alaykum us Salaam wa rahmathullahi wa barakathu

• there is no deity worthy of worship except for Him. except for Allah.
• He will for surely assemble gather you on the Day of resurrection for account.
• and who is more truthful than Allah in statement?
• Allahs oneness is mentioned here
• the coming of Day of J is mentioned here
• there is no doubt of the coming of the Day. it is truth it is reality there is no doubt it is coming.

• what is the matter with you that you are two groups with two views, concerning the hypocrites.
• why do you have a disagreement regarding the hypocrites.
• one group thinks should be stern against them, and the other group is more soft with them. there is a disagreement regarding them
• you should not disagree about them. dont dispute regarding the hypocrites.
• If a command is clear, no need to dispute about it
• While Allah has made them fall back to kufr, for they earned. Allah made them fall back in to error and disbelief. they were straight and then they were turned back to disbelief. and then they fall behind and abandon the believers.
• they disobeyed at the battle of Uhud. they walked away from the battlefield!
• Do you wish to guide those who Allah has sent astray?
• guidance is not offered to them, the hypocrites.
• the way was made for them, but they disobeyed.
• they left Prophet Muhammad (saw) at the time he needed support.
• they took the wrong step. they took the step of hypocrisy.
• They left Uhud and returned back to Madina, they are misguided.
• and whoever Allah has led astray, you can never find a way for them to be guided.
• Unless Allah gives a person Tawfeeq they cannot be truly guided.
• Abdullah Ibn Obaid: chief of hypocrites.
• make the intention to do good sooner than later.

• the hypocrites wish you would disbelieve the Messenger, like they disbelieve, so that you are all equal.
• the believer wants everyone to accept the truth, and is well wishing for everyone
• But the hypocrites, who are not on the path of guidance, and don’t want others to be on the path of guidance, either.
• So don’t take them the hypocrites as allies, or close protecting friends. bc your friends have an impact on you. Be weary, be careful who you befriend.
• Until they migrate in the way of Allah. Meaning until they are able to drop everything else for Islam and travel for it. migrate for it. are able to leave their land for islam, for the Deen. until they sacrifice for the Deen. this is referring to the Hypocrites living on the outskirts of the maDinah, or this is referring to those who did migrate to Madinah, but went back to Makkah, bc they couldn’t handle the sacrifice for the Deen. they reverted back to Kufr. Or until they march forth with the muslims in battle.
• So the hypocrites have to leave their comfort zone, for Deen, and accept, until then dont take them as close friends.
• *But if they turn away from migration or if they are turning away from going to battlefield with you, or are actively fighting you on the battlefield, then capture them and kill them (ONLY on the battlefield) not everywhere, but ONLY on the battlefield. if they are actively fighting against you, believers. meaning they join the enemy and start actively fighting, only then are you allowed to capture and kill them. only then!
• and take not from them any ally or helper.

• *Except those hypocrites who take a refugee with you or with a people you have a treaty of peace with. ( you or whom you have a treaty with for peace, an agreement not to fight with) . you will Not kill these hypocrites.
• *Or those hypocrites. who come to you for battle, but their hearts are strained at prospect of fighting you or their own people.. you will not kill these hypocrites, either.
• Hasirath suduruhum •    Their chests are tight = Giving the meaning of being uncomfortable.  They are not at ease – they don’t want to fight you – but they are being forced to fight you
• * – 3 groups of hypocrites. types.
• If Allah had willed He could have given them power over you and they would have fought. It is Allah’s mercy that they don’t want to fight you. so if they dont fight you you don’t fight them.
• If they remove themselves and offer you peace. then Allah has not granted you permission to fight them.
• dont kill them if they dont join the army of disbelievers to fight you.
• Abbas ( uncle of Muhammad Saw)- he accompanied the mushrikeen, but joined with a lot of hesitation. at the battle of Badr. so it was ordered not to kill him, but only capture him.
• Fa in ‘Ithazala kum•    So if they keep away from you meaning – they do not fight you•    Falam yuqaathilukum is an explanation of  Fa in ‘Ithazala kum – meaning they keep away from you and they do not fight you
• Even during battle think about who you are fighting and killing and hurting.
• Muslim army is not allowed:  to harm children and women, not damage fertile land, cut down vegetation or hurt the elderly or sick. Not allowed to hurt the peaceful, meaning like monks etc.
• War does NOT mean you can do whatever you want and kill and hurt or harm whatever you want, in the name of Jihad. THIs is wrong.

• you will find those who wish to find security from you and also from their own disbelieving people.
• this is another category of hypocrites. they are not loyal to anyone. they just want the benefits of this world. they want to be at peace with both sides (believers and disbelievers)
• every time their return to fitnah, they fall plunge back into it.
• every  time they are invited to shirk by their own people they plunge back into.
• every time they are called to fight against believers, they plunge into it
• they are against the believers, even though they say they want peace.
• So if they dont withdraw from you, and are actively there to fight, even if they claim with their tongues that they want peace: the seize them and kill them wherever you overtake them.
• those We have made clear proof authority and allowance against them, clear.
• 3 forms through which they, the hypocrites, can gain security:
• • they offer peace to the muslims,
  • they dont join army of disbelievers and actively fight against you.
  • they have no choice but to join the army and are forced to join the disbelievers, but restrain their hands and are not actively fighting you.
• 3 kinds of hypocrites:
• • face you and fight you actively – so you should capture, fight and kill them on battleground
  • dont want to fight, and want peace. they offer peace
  • verbally offer peace, but actively jump into war against the believers, are actively are fighting you, so now you can fight them.
• SUMMARY OF THE 3 CATEGORIES OF HYPOCRITES:
• 1st group :     They are the ones who have betrayed the Muslims.  They don’t believe and they don’t want you to believe either so the Muslims are told if you encounter them at war, kill them2nd group:     Hypocrites living with a friendly ally.  Ruling : leave them alone as long as they         don’t harm you, then you don’t harm them        Also another group who lives in a country that no has peace treaty.  But they        are peace loving people, they don’t want to fight with anyone.  So don’t harm them3rd group:    Ostensibly peace loving but eagerly seizing the chance for war against the Muslims        and if they fight the Muslims, the Muslims must fight them back

• Killing is NOT allowed.
• to take a life is a big crime. bc it can’t be returned. to kill is a really huge deal. A very huge crime.
• blood offenses are the first disputes to be judged on the DOJ.
• Ibn Masud said that the Prophet Sal. said :“Blood offenses are the first disputes to be judged between the people on the Day of Resurrection” Bukhari
• deliberate killing and mistake killing.
• deliberate killing: Katal Amad. – legal retribution is incumbent. it has been ordained. Qathal ‘ammadh        = Deliberate murder
• a believer should Never kill a believer, unless its a mistake: 3.    قَتَلَ خَطَئاً         Qathal khatha’a        = Unintentional or accidental killing:
• khatha’a: killing by MISTAKE:
• a believer can never kill a believer, unless by mistake.
• if the mistake happens: killer should give expiation: freeing of a believing slave, male or female. and a compensation given to the heirs/to the deceased family. how much? 100 camels (300,000 riyals). Dhiyah: should be flawless. Unless the heirs forgive the killer and give their right as charity.
• But if the deceased was from a people that was at war with you and he was a believer- then only the freeing of a believing slave. *NO need for blood money in this case, bc money will go into the disbelievers hands.
• But if the one murdered, was from whom you have a peace treaty, then a compensation payment to his family and the freeing of a believing slave, both.
• Whoever cannot find or afford to buy a slave: then instead fast for 2 months, consecutively, uninterrupted with out a break. (unless an exceptional case-menstruation etc)
• if killer can’t afford the Dhiyah: his relatives from fathers side will arrange for the blood money, then the government will support him.
• If the victim was from an enemy nation (for example there is a Muslim country and they are at war with a non-Muslim country) and the Muslim country accidentally kills the Muslim who is living in the non-Muslim country, then the only atonement which will be given by the person who committed the accident will be فَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةٍ    that he will free a believing slave•    No blood money will be given (because if blood money is given it will swell the causes of the enemies).
• وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوْمٍ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ مِّيثَاقٌ فَدِيَةٌ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ وَتَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ مُّؤْمِنَةً  and if he belonged to a people with whom you have a treaty of mutual alliance, then compensation (blood money) must be paid to his family, and a believing slave must be freed
• The Aaqila (Family) of the person who committed the mistake has to pay the diya.  They have to come together to get the money and pay the diya

• the one who kills intentionally. who kills a believer : his recompense is hellfire for eternity.
• legal retribution as well in this world.
• anger and curse of Allah. great punishment for this person.
• Allah will be angry with 3 people:
• • who deviates from right conduct in the Harram,
  • who seeks the traditions of the pre-islamic period,
  • person who seeks to shed a persons blood without any right.
• what about the murdered: what about his intention?
• Ibn `Abbas held the view that the repentance of one who intentionally murders a believer, will not be accepted
• However, the majority of scholars of the earlier and later generations said that the killer’s repentance can be accepted. If he repents, and goes back to Allah humbly, submissively, and performing righteous deeds, then Allah will change his evil deeds into good deeds and compensate the deceased for his loss by rewarding him for his suffering. Reference verses on repentance in Surah Al-Furqan 25. verses 68-71•    From these verses it seems except for Shirk everything else is forgiven that repentance with sincerity would give acceptance.

• Oh believers, when you strive in the way of Allah, to fight in the cause of Allah. Investigate! who are you attacking.
• Don’t accuse someone who has offered salam to you of being a disbeliever, dont say to him that: “he is not a believer.” for the sake of worldly gains.
• you were once like this.
• Salam: peace and submission.
• while on journey if someone says salam, dont say no you are not a believer.
• dont reject the salam of someone. and then want to kill them, for the gain of worldly gains.
• In the outskirts of Makkah, there were many people who lived – some of them accepted Islam, some of them did.  Some of these Muslims did not migrate to Madina.  Some of these Muslims were killed unknowingly and this verse was revealed
• Thabthaghoo = ب غ ى   = To seek / to desireDo you desire by killing this person do you want the aradha of this worldly life?
• Imam Ahmad recorded that `Ikrimah said that Ibn `Abbas said, “A man from Bani Sulaym, who was tending a flock of sheep, passed by some of the Companions of the Prophet and said Salam to them. They said (to each other), `He only said Salam to protect himself from us.’ Then they attacked him and killed him. They brought his sheep to the Prophet , and this Ayah was revealed
• ‘Aradha =  ع ر ض •    Arad is used for everything that is unstable, everything that is not permanent•    Its used for worldly wealth, worldly things because they are not permanent – everything that you buy is gone in time – even though they are guaranteed to last a lifetime
• Alhayaathad dunya•    By killing that person what are you going to get?  Just some booty ?
• for with Allah is way better. He was way more and way more better. He has abundance.
• For you were like that before. there was once a time, when once you concealed your imaan in your heart in Makkah, and didn’t reveal it. .you were like that before yourselves.
• And then Allah gave you, big favor upon you, the opportunity to migrate.
• So investigate! before killing anyone, bc it is a great crime to kill a believer.
• indeed Allah is aware of everything you do
• before passing a judgement, investigate thoroughly. dont pass judgement so fast

• Not equal are those believers that remain at home, as the mujahideen with their wealth and their lives.
• *Those who believers who sit at home without any reason.
• *Mujahideen those who go out in the way of Allah with their wealth and lives.
• *Those who are disabled- they remain behind due to a reason due to illness, sickness handicap.
• investigate this matter too. research their reasons to stay home.
• Allah has preferred the mujahideen over those who remained behind, in degrees.ranks.
• And to all Allah has promised the best reward. Both types, He has promised the best reward, Jannah. two groups: Mujaheedin, and the group who remain behind for a reason.
• level of FARD and sacrifice. more time and effort besides the FARD. they make a sacrifice. by going out.
• after fulfilling our obligations to we have the inclination to do to strive for more?
• Tirmidhi recorded that Ibn `Abbas said,“Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home), except those who are disabled”, refers to those who did not go to the battle of Badr and those who went to Badr. When the battle of Badr was about to occur, Abu Ahmad bin Jahsh and Ibn Umm Maktum said, `We are blind, O Messenger of Allah! Do we have an excuse’ The Ayah, was revealed﴿لاَّ يَسْتَوِى الْقَـعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ غَيْرُ أُوْلِى الضَّرَرِ﴾
• A great reward for the Mujahedeen

• Degrees from Him, and forgiveness and mercy from Him. He is the most forgiving and merciful.
• keep fixing your mistakes. and accordingly you will be given your rank/degree.
• Shaytan will not stay away, he will continue to deviate you.

• indeed those who, angels of death take while wronging themselves. these people will be asked: in what condition were you? what were your conditions in regards to the Deen?
• those who didn’t migrate in the way of Allah when they had the option to do so. when they can’t fulfill the obligations of Allah, in their land, they should leave this land. you should not remain there, and engage in haram.
• its an obligation to leave, if you cannot practice properly the Deen.
• Fro example: a job requires you to take off hijab. then leave the job. bc how much do you really need the job to sacrifice your Deen.
• what were you circumstances?
• they the people will say: we were oppressed in the land. we were weak. we were unable to leave land or job.
• Angels will say: Was the earth of Allah not spacious enough for you to emigrate therein? you could leave? you couldn’t leave the job for another?
• So leave the place, leave the city, the country or the job.
• And so for those people is Hell there abode. for those who do Zulm upon themselves.
• How evil is that as a destination? what a horrible place to end up after going through life and grave, hisaab, ressurecction, and then ending up in Hell. what a evil place to end up.
• Angels will speak the soul they are taking/extracting. They will strike and scold that person. Imagine what the Burzaaq will be like, resurrection, the accounting, the hisaab will be like.
• Al-Bukhari recorded that Muhammad bin `Abdur-Rahman, Abu Al-Aswad, said, “The people of Al-Madinah were forced to prepare an army (to fight against the people of Ash-Sham during the Khilafah of Abdullah bin Az-Zubayir at Makkah), and I was enlisted in it. Then I met `Ikrimah, the freed slave of Ibn `Abbas, and informed him (about it), and he forbade me strongly from doing so (i.e., to enlist in that army), and then he said to me, `Ibn `Abbas told me that some Muslims used to go out with the idolaters increasing the size of their army against the Messenger of Allah . Then, an arrow would hit one of them and kill him, or he would be struck on his neck (with a sword) and killed, and Allah sent down the Ayah,﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّـهُمُ الْمَلَـئِكَةُ ظَـلِمِى أَنفُسِهِمْ﴾(Verily, as for those whom the angels take (in death) while they are wronging themselves).” Ad-Dahhak stated that this Ayah was revealed about some hypocrites who did not join the Messenger of Allah but remained in Makkah and went out with the idolaters for the battle of Badr. They were killed among those who were killed. Thus, this honorable Ayah was revealed about those who reside among the idolaters, while able to perform Hijrah and unable to practice the faith. Such people will be committing injustice against themselves and falling into a prohibition according to the consensus and also according to this Ayah
• Those who die while wronging their souls, the angels come scolding them while taking their souls.

• except for the oppressed: among men women and children.
• those who are unable to devise a plan to leave
• those who are unable to leave from the clutches of the mushrik, the tyrants etc.
• they dont have the capability or power to make a plan or strategy to escape the oppressive situation they are in. and even if they could leave they wouldn’t know where to go
• Nor do they know or would be directed on where to go.
• These are the truly oppressed.

• for those it is expected Allah will pardon them. Allah will truly decided if a person is truly oppressed.
• And Allah is every pardoning and forgiving.
• for example: a wife being forced to live off of the Riba that her husband is earning and bringing home. the one who is forcefully being told to live off of the ribA her husband insists on bringing home.

• Whoever migrates in the way of Allah, will find many locations. many alternatives on earth. to practice the Deen of islam.
• and abundance – in terms of wealth, opportunities etc.
• will be able to leave for the sake of Allah. there are many places and abundance.
• Will be able to leave the enemy.
• whoever leaves his home, as emigrant for Allah and His messenger, and death overtakes him, then in fact it is incumbent upon him the reward from Allah.
• that he will surely receive a reward from Allah.
• Allah is the most forgiving and merciful.
• There was a man from Bani Israel who had committed 99 murders and after he committed these 99 murders he began to feel guilty about it.  He went to a scholar and asked the scholar and was directed to a monk.  He came to him and told him he had killed 99 people and asked him if there was any chance for his repentance to be accepted.  The monk replied “no” and the man killed him also completing 100.  Then he asked about the most learned man on earth and was directed to a scholar.  He told him he had killed 100 people asked him if there was any chance of his repentance to be accepted.  The scholar replied “yes” and asked “who stands between you and repentance? Go to such and such land and there you will find people devoted to prayer and worship of Allah.  Join them in worship and do not come back to your land because it is an evil place”.  So he went away and hardly had he covered half the distance when death overtook him and there was a dispute between the Angels of Mercy and the Angels of Torment.  The Angels of Mercy pleaded “This man has come with a repenting heart to Allah” and the Angels of Punishment argued “He never did a good deed in his life”.  Then there appeared another Angel in the form of a human being and the contending Angels agreed to make him arbiter between them.  He said “measure the distance between the two lands and he will be considered belonging to the land which he is nearer”.  They measured and found him closer to the land of piety where he intended to go and so the Angels of Mercy collected his soul. (Bukhari & Muslim
•  It is sad that a man migrated to a place called Thaneen and he didn’t reach his destination, but died on the way. People started to say “what a pity, what a waste…. He shouldn’t have left…” etc and Allha revealed this verseوَمَن يَخْرُجْ مِن بَيْتِهِ مُهَـجِراً إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ يُدْرِكْهُ الْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ أَجْرُهُ عَلىَ اللَّهِ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُوراً رَّحِيماً And whosoever leaves his home as an emigrant unto Allah and His Messenger, and death overtakes him, his reward is then surely incumbent upon Allah. And Allah is Ever Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful
• people who leave their homes in pursuit of the knowledge of Deen, this is in the way of Allah, then these people who die in the journey, or those who die in their journey to Hajj or in Ihram, but dont reach destination and die on the way, his/her reward is already incumbent bc of the person intention who set out to do what they were doing for Allah.
• emigrating away from all this, towards Allah.
• reward of deeds are based upon the intentions.
• Propeht Sal. said There’s no hijrah after the conquest of Makkah
• Prophet Sal. said :“The true Muhajir is one who abandons all that Allah and His Messenger Rasoolullah Sal. has forbidden”
• leaving sins, leaving an environment, leaving your home and comfort zone, are all forms of migration. intention must be to please Allah.
• every step taken towards that destination, is being recorded. towards to that migration. every time the wheels on your car are turning to take you there are being recorded and rewarded.
• each of our footsteps, towards good are recorded.
• motivating others to do good, you are rewarded for that also. and all the good they do bc you motivated them too.

• And when you travel throughout the land, there is no blame upon you for shortening the salat.
• When you travel in general. throughout the land. for traveling. there is no blame on you for shortening the prayers.
• especially if you fear attack from your enemies.
• indeed the disbelievers are your open enemies
• any traveling, fear or no fear, enemy or no enemy, you CAN shorten the prayer.
• Prophet Muhammad (saw) shortened the prayer during 10 day journey.
• shortening prayer: fajr Sunnah and fajr fard remains as is, Zuhr-2 rakats of Fard, Asr-2 rakats of Fard, Maghreb remain 3 rakats, Isha- 2 rakats of Fard. Witr remain as is.
• Nafl can be prayed as you please. even on mount. doesn’t need to be prayed on the ground
• 01. Salat-ul-Qasr (shortening of the prayer)•    This refers or applies to a journey i.e. if you are going out of town, then you can shorten your Salah    Example:o    Fajr 2 sunnah and 2 Fardho    In Zuhr you will read 2 rakahs instead of 4 and no sunnaho    In Asr you will read 2 rakah instead of 4 – no sunnaho    Maghrib 3 and no sunnaho    Isha will be 2 rakahs and then 3 Witr
• Qasr applicable: leave town or population or city. No measurements have been given.
• NO. OF DAYS According to :    No. of DaysIbn Abbas    19 days or lessAli    Either 10 days or lessIbn Omar, Omar Rali, Abu Hanifa    15 days or lessUsman, Anas, Imam Malik, Shafi    4 days or less ( these are the different hadith that reached the scholars)
• Shortening the prayer is not smthg to be looked down upon. it is a gift from Allah, so accept this gift.
• some say if you travel 48 miles, that you should start shortening the prayer. some say 9 miles.
• •    Prophet Sal. went to Zull qualify was 9 miles and he prayed qasr so scholars says the minimum is 9 miles
• There is flexibility in this matter. that is why there is no specific distance as to when to shorten the prayer.
• if you are staying in a place where you dont know how long you will be there and returning home. you pray Qasr until you know.
• •    Anas stayed in Ash-Sham for 2 months and prayed Qasr for 2 months (because he was in a state of uncertainty)
• •    But if you are sure you are going to stay for a month or 6 months etc. then you will pray the full salah
• Zuhr and AsR can be combined and maghrib and Isha can be combined when on journey. when traveling.
• Combining prayers is up to you, its an allowance, but shortening is a gift from Allah, so accept it.
• (Book: Prayer according to the Sunnah: prayer during journey Pg 413. The Abridged Prayer)
• even a difference of opinion allows for vastness in this matter.

• When you are among them, and there is fear, than you (Prophet Muhammad Saw) should lead them in prayer. pray in congregation.
• Salat-ul-Khauf•    When you are in a situation of peril, fear, when you are in a situation where either enemies are threatening you or for that matter even animals (if you are staying a forest overnight)
• Even in the time of fear, pray in congregation.
• Army would be divided in two, a group of them stand in prayer with you, and let them carry their arms and weapons ammunition, while performing prayer.
• when the first group has prostrated in Sadjah, let them be behind you.
• Muhammad (saw) is leading the prayer, half of them are praying,
• second group that was standing guard, will join prayer in the second rakat with Prophet Muhammad, and then they complete their rakat, on their own while prophet Muhammad who is leading, will be in tahasshud. while taking precaution and holding onto their arms and weapons.
• Method 1•    Salat ul Khauf is 2 rakahs•    Prophet Sal. would start by leading the prayer and the Muslims would divide into 2 groups•    One group would keep guard so that enemies don’t attack or animals don’t attack•    The 2nd group would read one rakah behind Prophet Sal. (still holding their weapons)•    Then the 2nd group would replace the first group as guards and they would come forward and read one rakah behind Prophet Sal.•    After Prophet Sal. said salaam the two groups would complete one rakah each on their own •    Prophet Sal. completes 2 rakahs•    Sajdah is an important part of prayer
• person can pray while carrying weapons, or even luggage. can hold onto it.
• can hold onto child during prayer as well. it doesn’t invalidate the prayer.
• those who disbelieve they wish you will neglect our luggage or weapons so that they can attack you in one single attack.
• but there is no blame on you if there is rain, bc it will become slippery to hold weapons,
• if you are sick. you can put weapons down.
• in these cases you can put them down. but take precaution. but them in an easy place to access after you pray.
• but you should be on guard.
• And a humiliating punishment for the disbelievers.
• pg 481; Prayer according to Sunnah.

• and when you have completed the prayer, remember Allah after Salat. remember Him standing and sitting. do Dhikr! even while standing do Dhikr.
• After Salat: allah akbar, astaghfirullah, and ayat ul Kursi.
• learn of adhkaar for after salat; wa iyyaka nastaeen.
• and upon your sides when lying down
• but when are in safety and out of danger, reestablish regular prayer.
• when are have come back home from journey, than reestablish the sunnah as well. when traveling you are NOT required to do the Sunnah prayer. you shouldn’t do the sunnah when traveling bc he did not do it.
• but it should be reestablished when you return home.
• indeed prayer is an obligation on a believer at prescribed times. It is decreed. It is enjoined upon believers. it is required to do.
• salat should be performed at its specified times.
• praying on time over rides all conditions, praying on time is most important. even if there is only 5 min left, and you can’t change into clean clothes, must still pray. before the time is over.
• prayer performed on time is the BEST DEED
• Salat teaches us time management. how to manage the time in our life. teaches us when to wake up and when to sleep. time management. gives us a chance to reflect and think about what are we are doing and what we should and should not be doing. while we are standing there in front of Allah.
• Jumaah, teaches us weekly management
• Ramadan teaches us mostly time management
• hajj teaches us yearly time management
• think, even in during war situations, missing salat is not allowed!
• and still we go to prayer lazily! even though its so easy to do so for us today.
• we should really analyze our prayer today. check ourselves. how are you we doing them? not just quantity but its quality as well.
• remember Allah after completing the prayer.
• Go to prayer with preparations, perform Fard prayer, dont abandon Sunnah, (ask yourself why are you abandoning the sunnah), after Salah sit and remember Allah.

• dont be weak or lazy or slack off, in pursuit of the enemy
• if you are suffering so are they, the enemy is also suffering,
• but you all have hope from Allah. while they the enemies have no hope.
• Allah is the most knowledgeable and wise.

Ayah 105:

• Indeed (WE: the royal We) Allah sent down, revealed to you ( prophet Muhammad (saw) the Book, the Quran, with reality, with truth in it.
• so that you may judge between people in the Right Way, the correct way. In accordance to the right way, that Allah has shown. The way that Allah has said.
• So that you judge based on how Allah has told you.
• And do not be an advocate for the treacherous, for those who betray trust.
• Dont help the cheating ones. Those who betray and are treacherous. those who are deceptive.
• ex. Lawyers: Don’t support the client if the client is a criminal.
• same goes with the any wrong that might be happening if your own family, your own parents. don’t side with them or support them in that wrong.
• be just, that is nearer to righteousness.
• Side with the truth regardless of what happens.
• Prophet Muhammad (saw) did not know the matters of the unseen completely. In the complete sense.
• Prophet Muhammad (saw) would given decisions based on his own knowledge. If he was wrong then a revelation from Allah would come down to correct him, to inform him the correct way.
• Appreciate the authenticity of the Hadith. Source of that is also from Allah. Allah informs Prophet Muhammad (saw) regarding certain matters. and through this actions and decisions he would relay that to us.
• An Ansari man named Thauma Ibn Ubayriq of the Bani Zafr tribe – (it was a sub tribe of the Ansar) stole a bag of wheat and coat of mail (armour) belonging to another Ansari Companion.  He took this to the house of a Jew and asked him to keep it as a trust (of course not divulging to the Jew that he had stolen it).When the Ansari found that his wheat and coat of mail were stolen he followed a trail of wheat left by Thauma which led him to the Jew’s house (the bag of wheat had a hole in it and Thauma had not realized he had left a trail behind).  The Ansari confronted the Jew and said “You stole my wheat and coat of mail”.  The Jew denied this and said he had not stolen the wheat but that it was given to him as a trust from Thauma of Bani Zafr.  There was a major dispute between the Ansari and the Jew and finally the dispute was taken to the Prophet Sal. Thauma and the Bani Zafr tribe didn’t own up to the theft – they were extremely eloquent and they strongly argued on behalf of Thauma and framed the Jew of the theft.  They concocted the story so well that all the evidence was against the innocent Jew.  Prophet Sal. was listening to them and he was being convinced to give a judgment against the Jewish man and when he about to give his judgment in favour of Thauma when this verse was revealed.
• •    The deceitful here was Tauma who stole and blamed it on the other person

Ayah 106:

• And seek forgiveness from Allah, He is the most Merciful and most Forgiving.
• So why is Prophet Muhammad (saw) being told to seek forgiveness when his past and all sins have been forgiven? bc he is an example for us.
• We need to be doing more istaghfir.
• Just for that thought that you might have been giving the wrong judgement, even for that though seek forgiveness.

Ayah 107:

• And do not argue or plead about those who wrong themselves. About those who betray their own souls. About those who deceive themselves.
• They knew the reality, and are still presenting evidences that are clearly false. they know its a lie. but still say it anyway!
• When a person deceives anyone, in reality they are firstly deceiving themselves! they are actually deceiving themselves first, before anyone else.
• Meaning of thujaadhil anillazeena•    Do not argue on their behalf, don’t argue to defend them because such an argument would be for bathilYakthnaanoona anfusahum•    They deceive themselves – meaning they deceive themselves by sinning and by pretending that they have not sinned. •    This is the reality of sins where someone harms the other and pretends that he hasn’t done it.
• Indeed Allah does not love those who are treacherous and the extreme sinners. A habitually sinful deceiver.
•  sinning with deliberation.
• A person who doesn’t learn anything from first statement, this second statement should be enough to warn you. More effective is the second statement. Bc Allah doesn’t love such people who are habitually deceptive.
• Khawaanan = one who is extremely treacherous•    It is on the structure of Fa’aal – and fa’aal gives the meaning of doing something a lot – repeatedly.  •    For eg. if Allah’s name is Ath-Thauwaab – he accepts Tauba repeatedly•    So Khawaan is he is extremely treacherous and Allah does not like him be cause he is repeatedly treacherous, you can never trust this person.
• Prophet Muhammad (saw) said: One who deceives is not from amongst us
• give smthg, dislike smthg, like smthg, love of smthg, withhold smthg, leaving smthg, doing smthg, ALL should be for the sake of Allah.
• Hadith: The perfect believer-The one who loves Allah he will do everything for the sake of Allah – even if his relatives are in wrong, he will not support them

Ayah 108:

• They might be able to hide their crimes from people,
• But cannot hide anything from Allah.
• They try to conceal their evil and crimes from the people.
• He sees them, He is with them, He is aware of them, even at night when they are plotting and scheming with unapproved words.
• He doesn’t approve of this speech and what they scheme.
• Allah sees and encompasses all their actions.

Ayah 109:

• Here you are! oh people, those who argue on their (tracherous one) behalf in this worldly. you defend him (or those people) today in this world.
• But who will argue for them on the DOJ, in front of Allah. Who will argue with Allah for them. Who will be their representative on that day. Who will defend them on that Day.
• Nobody.
• This will not be possible on that Day.

Ayah 110:

• and whoever does wrong and or did it in the past. treacherous or supported someone who was deceptive and treacherous. or made an intercession on behalf of someone who was doing something wrong.
• Evil through which others are wronged.
• Does a wrong, wrongs himself. Sin that harms himself.
• BUT then seeks forgiveness from Allah. will find Allah forgiving and merciful
• Istaghfir; seeking forgiveness.
• covering and overlooking of the sin.
• if you wronged someone, apologize to them. sometimes you will find they will not even want to look at you.
• Allah doesn’t turn away from a person who is sincere in his repentance.
• Quran shows us the mirror. shows us our blemishes.

Ayah 111:

• and whoever earns a sin, he is committing it against his own soul. he is only causing loss to himself. He is earning it with effort against himself.
• he will face the loss and consequences of that sin. you are exposing yourself to the consequences of that sin. will carry the burden himself.
• Allah is knowledge and all wise.
• He knows everything.

Ayah 112:

• whoever commits a sin without intention OR commits a sin and then blames it upon an innocent person.
• whoever does this: has taken upon a slander and manifest sin.
• He shall bare the guilt of slander and the sin.
• a shocking sin.
• by blaming someone else, will only increase your own sin.
• when you commit a mistake, or deliberate sin- seek forgiveness.
• But when you make the mistake or deliberate sin and then blame someone else: than it becomes slander and a big sin. open and clear.

Ayah 113:

• And if it was not for the favor upon you ( prophet Muhammad (saw)) and His mercy
• a group of them (banU dHAFAR) would have tried to mislead you. to make you make the wrong decision.
• they only mislead and hurt themselves. by trying to mislead you.
• and they cannot mislead or harm you.
• Allah has revealed to you the Book and wisdom behind those Commands.
• And taught you what you didn’t know.
• (imagine every time a Wahi came down on Prophet Muhammad (saw))
• There are 2 kinds of revelations:
• • 1. Wahi-Mathloo•    The revelations which is recited – The Quran
  • 2. Wahi-ghair-Mathloo•    The revelation which is not recited – are all the teachings of Prophet Sal. that have come to us in the form of Ahadith
• Knowledge,we need put in a lot of effort to acquire it.
• Great is the grace of Allah upon you. This is the grace and FAdl of Allah: knowledge, the book and the wisdom.
• Knowledge of the divine revelation and the sunnah. this is the most virtuous.
• Be grateful that Allah has opened this opportunity to learn, acquire and benefit from this knowledge.
• it requires struggle, hard work and effort.

Ayah 114:

• And no good comes from private and secret conversations.
• the ones that Banu Dhafar was having.
• generally there is not much good in private conversations. It is not good manners and etiquettes.
• except for those who enjoin charity. those who advise, encourage charity.
• meaning giving advice secretly, encouragement secretly.
• giving charity secretly.
• conceal the sadaqah and give to the poor, that is better.
• when you enjoin good it can be done in private.
• let them know what they are doing wrong in private. give them advice in private.
• reconciliation between people.
• the private or confidential conversation the enjoins what is good, gives advices, or creates reconciliation, : seeking means to approval of Allah.
• Allah will give this person a great reward. A lot of pleasure of Allah.
• secret conversation should be for good reasons.
• its not liked in general bc it causes bad supposition in the minds of people. so its bad unless its done for good reasons.
• Prophet Sal. said : “Shall I not tell you about an act which is far superior in rank to fasting, praying and charity?”  (This refers to voluntary fasting, prayer and charity). They said “Please do” and he said “bringing reconciliation between people”Ahmed
• enmity between people causes a lot of damage.
• Reconciling between people is one of the supreme form of goodness.
• keep relations cordial.
• think of how you can play the role of reformer. think of someone who has mis- understanding about you or someone else.
• private conversations are only from shaitan..

Ayah 115:

• And whoever is hostile to the Messenger, whoever differs with the Messenger (saw) after guidance is made clear,
• and follows in the path other than those of the believers. way of the believers is the way of the Sahabah. or the consensus of the scholars.
• Allah will give him what he has taken. Whatever he wants here, he will get. Allah will turn him to what he turns to. meaning a different path from Muhammad (saw).
• he will become a leader of misguidance. more he opposes more he will be lead astray. outcome is misguidance in this world and hellfire in the hereafter.
• Allah will leave him in whatever path he has turned to. the path not of the companions and Messenger (saw)
• And then will burn him in hell. Allah will drive him into hellfire.
• and what an evil refuge that is a destination
• whoever opposes the messenger after guidance has been made clear to him
• whoever makes a party against him. after the guidance and knowledge has been made clear to him.
• he brought Quran and Sunnah.
• Today people put aside the sunnah and misinterpret the Quran. they leave the way of the companions and the Messenger (saw)
• you can’t just pick up an arabic dictionary and understand the Quran.
• Hadith support the Quran.

Ayah 116:

• Allah doesn’t forgive shirk.
• And He may forgive any one else. Whoever He chooses.
• all depends on Allahs will though.
• And he who associates partners with Allah has gone astray, far away.

Ayah 117:

• women were considered weak and low in society
• the pagans don’t call upon Him, but female deities..
• So they would not call upon Allah, but instead would call upon female idols, female  angels ( bc they thought the female angels were daughters of god), female stones/rocks, inanimate objects taken as worship.
• This was all made up.
• but they are actually call/obeying/worshipping upon a rebellious shaytain. bc he is the one who makes them do such things.
• They worship the idols by falling into the trap of the shaitan.

Ayah 118:

• Allah has cursed shaytan,
• he had said: I will surely take from your servants, a specific portion.
• to mislead them.
• we need to be alert all the time from Shaytan, and seek refuge in Allah, from him

Ayah 119:

• And: i will mislead them, by causing false desires in them.
• making wrong actions beautified. make the wrong things look tempting. makes big sins look small. mislead people by putting them in doubt. get them off track
• Arouse sinful desires. makes desires attractive. wishful thinking.
• Satan attacks from the weakest points. he knows how weak they are.
• sometimes he makes them so engrossed in even reciting Quran that they forget to pray Salat.
• so it doesn’t mean he tries to trap you from bad, he can try to trap you from good too.
• And: I will command them to slit the ears of cattle.
• means making something that is halal into haram.
• (tradition to slit the animal ears to mark them as a idol to be worshipped)
• فَلَيُبَتِّكُنَّ ءَاذَانَ الاٌّنْعَـمِ to slit the ears of cattle,•    This refers to something that the Arabs used to do.  For example certain animals their ears would be slit in order to identify them as sacred animals.  No one could use them, ride them, milk them, no one owns it.  They were set free to please idols. Bariha was a camel which set free for the idols and nobody was allowed to milk it and Sauda was a camel let loose for free pasture for their idols and nothing was allowed to be carried on it.
• And: I will command them to change Allah’s creation:
• • change it physically: men start dressing like women or vice versa, plastic surgery, teeth, cloning, tattooing, color, piercing, hair extensions.
  • intangible/changing the function/role: to not use smthg the way Allah has meant for it to use. to misuse smthg.
  • changing the fiTRAh/nature: take work from someone that is wrong. telling females to be more like a man and encouraging her to do so. this is corruption.
• whoever takes shay tan as a close friend, will incur a great loss.

Ayah 120:

• greed to appear young for this world. poverty of the heart, to stay young in this world.
• if you age with grace, then you are satisfied.
• Shaytain, promises them, arouses desire in them. promises them delusion.
• promises them false hopes.
• and his promises are just delusions and deception.

Ayah 121:

• those who follow the footsteps of shaiytan, their abode will be hellfire and there will be no escape. no exit.
• they will find no exit.

Ayah 122: